Effective: 2023-08-01

Course Description

The course outline below was developed as part of a statewide standardization process.

General Course Purpose

The course is designed primarily for non-science majors.

Course Objectives

• Scientific Literacy
• Apply the scientific method of inquiry to analyze data and draw conclusions supported by the data.
• Propose one or more solutions that indicate comprehension of a problem.
• Quantitative Literacy
• Apply mathematical reasoning and techniques in discipline specific ways (including, but not limited to, quantitative analysis of data).
• Matter and States of matter
• Classify matter as an element, compound, heterogeneous mixture or homogeneous mixture.
• Distinguish between physical and chemical properties/ changes.
• Apply kinetic molecular theory (conceptual) to explain/predict the characteristics and behavior of gases, solids and liquids.
• Calculate the pressure, volume or temperature of a gas after a change in conditions.
• Calculate the pressure, volume, temperature or moles of gas from the ideal gas equation.
• Identify and predict how intermolecular forces affect the physical properties of a specific substance.
• Describe the energy changes that accompany changes of state.
• Measurement and Laboratory techniques
• Identify basic units of measurement in the American and metric systems of measurement
• Convert measurements between American and/or metric units using dimensional analysis.
• Express any number in scientific notation.
• Identify the number of significant digits in a given measurement.
• Apply understanding of the inherent precision of laboratory glassware and equipment.
• Perform arithmetic operations, rounding to the correct number of significant digits.
• Calculate the density of a substance and use density to convert between mass and volume of a substance.
• Demonstrate basic laboratory techniques.
• Demonstrate best practices of laboratory safety.
• Atomic Structure and the Periodic Table
• Identify the regions of the Periodic Table related to metal, nonmetals and metalloids.
• Identify groups and periods of elements on the Periodic Table.
• State the charge, location and relative masses of an electron, proton and neutron.
• Write the electron configuration for selected elements.
• Count the valence electrons and draw the electron dot symbols for selected elements.
• Nuclear Chemistry
• Describe the characteristics of alpha, beta and gamma radiation.
• Write and balance nuclear equations.
• Relate the amount of radioactive sample to a given half-life.
• Identify safety issues and health effects associated with radiation exposure.
• Bonding and Nomenclature
• Using the periodic chart, predict the charge on an ion formed by a main group element.
• Draw the Lewis structure for a molecule or polyatomic ion and determine the shape by applying Valence Shell Electron Pair Repulsion (VSEPR) theory.
• Identify bonds and molecules as polar or nonpolar.
• Write names and formulas for ionic and covalent compounds.
• Chemical Reactions including Redox Reactions and Equilibrium
• Write and balance chemical equations.
• Calculate the molar mass of a substance, given its chemical formula.
• Convert between units of moles, mass and particles.
• Perform stoichiometry calculations including limiting reactant and theoretical yield calculations.
• Define oxidation and reduction and recognize the components of a redox reaction.
• Describe energy changes in a reaction and classify reactions as endothermic or exothermic.
• Predict the effect of changes in concentration, temperature and catalyst on reaction rates.
• Use Le Chatelier's principle (conceptual) to predict what happens when equilibrium is disturbed.
• Use the value of the equilibrium constant to qualitatively describe a reaction system.
• Solutions
• Predict how specific changes will affect the solubility of a solute.
• Determine whether a species is soluble or insoluble in a given solvent using solubility rules.
• State whether a solution is saturated, unsaturated, or supersaturated, given its concentration, temperature, and solubility.
• Determine whether solute would be an electrolyte and distinguish between a strong vs weak electrolyte in aqueous solution.
• Perform calculations involving percent concentration and molarity of a solution and dilution of a solution.
• Qualitatively explain colligative properties, osmosis, boiling and melting point of a solution.
• Acid-Bases
• List/identify general properties of acids and bases.
• Classify a solution of given pH as strongly acidic, weakly acidic, neutral, weakly basic, or strongly basic.
• Identify the Br?nsted-Lowry acid and base in a given reaction.
• Convert between pH, [H3O+] ([H+]) and [OH-].
• Identify conjugate acid/base pairs.
• Understand how a buffer works to resist pH changes.

Major Topics to be Included

• Matter and States of matter
• Measurement and Laboratory techniques
• Atomic Structure and the Periodic Table
• Nuclear Chemistry
• Bonding and Nomenclature
• Chemical Reactions including Redox Reactions and Equilibrium
• Solutions
• Acid-Bases

Effective: 2023-08-01

Course Description

The course outline below was developed as part of a statewide standardization process.

General Course Purpose

The general purpose of this course is to prepare the student for advanced study in science through development of: skills in problem solving and in critical thinking, an understanding of the methods of scientific inquiry, and an understanding of the general concepts and principles of chemistry.

Course Prerequisites/Corequisites

Prerequisites: ENG 111 Eligible

Course Objectives

• Matter and Measurement
• Employ the scientific method, explain measurements and uncertainty, and use dimensional analysis and problem solving in conversion questions. Describe the phases and classifications of matter.
• Apply significant figures in calculations and measurements.
• Atoms, elements and moles
• Explain atomic theory. Explain the organization of the Periodic Table and predict periodic properties of the elements. Describe Isotopes and calculate average atomic mass.
• Explain molar mass and the mole concept: convert between mass, moles, number of molecules, number of atoms, and molarity.
• Nomenclature and chemical reactions
• Use Chemical Nomenclature. Use the periodic chart to predict the ionic charge of the main group elements. Apply the rules for nomenclature to write formulas as well as name: ionic compounds, binary molecules and acids.
• Predict the solubility of ionic compounds. Describe and predict properties of electrolytes. Write and balance chemical equations. Write net ionic equations and predict products for precipitation and acid/base reactions. Explain Redox and redox reactions. Assign oxidation states
• Stoichiometry
• Determine empirical and molecular formulas. Demonstrate an understanding of stoichiometry by calculating theoretical yield, actual yield, percent yield and limiting reagent.
• Electronic Structure of the Atom
• Explain the electronic structure of the atom. Show how light and spectroscopy led to the understanding of the wave-particle duality. Explain quantum numbers and apply quantum numbers to depict electron configurations of neutral atoms and ions
• Recognize the periodic properties of electronegativity, electron affinity, ionization energy, and ionic or covalent radius from the position of the element in the Periodic Table.
• Chemical Bonding
• Differentiate between ionic, polar covalent and covalent bonds.
• Draw Lewis structures for covalent compounds and use VSEPR concepts to predict: a) bond angles b) geometry c) polarity.Apply formal charge to understand resonance and determine the best Lewis structure.
• Apply hybrid orbital theory to predict hybridization and explain pi and sigma bonding. (optional: M.O. Theory)
• Thermochemistry
• Describe and employ basic Thermochemistry. Explain enthalpy. Use Hess's law and enthalpies of formation to calculate heats of reactions.Perform calorimetry calculations. Distinguish between endothermic and exothermic processes and do energy calculations that accompany reactions.
• Gases
• Apply the Kinetic Theory of Gases. Use the Gas laws to do gas law calculations. Explain the difference between real and ideal gases.
• Laboratory Skills
• Perform a minimum of 8 "wet" supervised hands-on labs per semester
• Work in the lab safely. Wear Splash resistant goggles, proper clothing and closed toed shoes.
• Properly handle and dispose of chemicals
• Read and analyze an SDS.
• Properly collect hazardous waste.
• Recognize basic laboratory equipment.
• Make measurements using the correct number of significant figures.
• Utilize notebook skills (especially data acquisition, data handling and data analysis). Students will perform a minimum of 2 wet labs using a lab notebook.The notebook needs to include an introduction, procedure, data table and conclusion.
• Utilize spreadsheets to graph (plot) and analyze data and do basic error analysis.
• Students will write 1 formal lab report using proper scientific analytical writing. The formal lab report must include good data analysis.
• Use volumetric glassware, including a buret.
• Perform accurate titrations.
• Use basic lab equipment including: balance, hot plate and thermometer.
• Connect topics discussed in lecture and lab observations.

Major Topics to be Included

• Matter and Measurement
• Atoms, elements and moles
• Nomenclature and chemical reactions
• Stoichiometry
• Electronic Structure of the Atom
• Chemical Bonding
• Thermochemistry
• Gases
• Laboratory Skills

Effective: 2022-03-31

Course Description

The course outline below was developed as part of a statewide standardization process.

General Course Purpose

The general purpose of this course is to prepare the student for advanced study in science through development of: skills in problem solving and in critical thinking, an understanding of the methods of scientific inquiry, and an understanding of the general concepts and principles of chemistry.

Course Prerequisites/Corequisites

Prerequisite: CHM 111 with a grade of C or higher

Course Objectives

• Liquids and Intermolecular Forces
• Explain and apply the principles of Intermolecular Forces. Describe and predict the properties of liquids. Perform phase change calculations. Draw and interpret phase diagrams and perform vapor pressure calculations. Identify the types of solids.
• Solutions
• Explain and predict the properties of solutions, including: solubility of gases in liquids, solubility of liquids in liquids and solids in liquids. Perform calculations using different units of concentration. Explain colligative properties and apply the equations for colligative properties.
• Kinetics
• Apply concepts in Kinetics: explain and do calculations using the rate law, the integrated rate laws and the Arrhenius equation. Understand reaction orders, collision theory, reaction mechanisms and catalysis.
• Chemical Equilibrium
• Recognize dynamic Chemical Equilibrium: Apply the law of mass action to homogeneous and heterogeneous equilibria. Perform equilibria calculations. Apply Le Chatelier's Principle.
• Acids/bases and solubility
• Recognize and predict properties of aqueous solutions. Write reactions for acid/base hydrolysis reactions. Identify Bronsted and Lewis acids and bases. Identify strong and weak acids, strong and weak bases and salts. Perform calculations (especially pH calculations) for: strong and weak acids, strong and weak bases, salts and buffers.
• Perform titration calculations for the addition of strong acids or bases to both strong and weak acids or bases.
• Perform solubility calculations for slightly soluble ionic compounds and predict precipitation reactions.
• Thermodynamics
• Apply the laws of thermodynamics. Explain entropy and spontaneity. Perform entropy calculations. Employ the idea of maximum work and be able to perform Gibbs free energy calculations both at standard state and nonstandard state.
• Electrochemistry
• Explain and employ the concepts in Redox and Electrochemistry. Explain and write balanced Redox reactions. Describe and label electrochemical cells. Be able to calculate the EMF for an electrochemical cell both at standard state and nonstandard state. Be able to use standard reduction potentials to predict the spontaneity of reactions. Be able to perform electrolysis calculations. Describe batteries and corrosion.
• Laboratory Skills
• Perform a minimum of 8 "wet" supervised hands-on labs per semester.
• Work in the lab safely. Wear Splash resistant goggles, proper clothing and closed toed shoes.
• Properly handle and dispose of chemicals
• Read and analyze an SDS
• Properly collect hazardous waste.
• Recognize basic laboratory equipment.
• Make measurements using the correct number of significant figures.
• Utilize notebook skills (especially data acquisition, data handling and data analysis).
• Required student deliverable: Students will perform a minimum of 2 wet labs using a lab notebook.The notebook needs to include an introduction, procedure, data table and conclusion.
• Utilize spreadsheets to graph (plot) and analyze data and do basic error analysis. Required student deliverable: Students will write 1 formal lab report using proper scientific analytical writing. The formal lab report must include good data analysis.
• Use volumetric glassware, including a buret.
• Perform accurate titrations.
• Use basic lab equipment including: balance, hot plate and thermometer.
• Use of spectrometer or colorimeter.
• Connect topics discussed in lecture and lab observations.

Major Topics to be Included

• Liquids and Intermolecular Forces
• Solutions
• Kinetics
• Chemical Equilibrium
• Acids/bases and solubility
• Thermodynamics
• Electrochemistry
• Laboratory Skills

Effective: 2020-05-01

Course Description

The course outline below was developed as part of a statewide standardization process.

General Course Purpose

The general purpose of this course is to prepare the student for advanced study in organic chemistry through development of: skills in synthetic organic problem solving and in critical thinking, an understanding of the methods of organic chemistry, understanding of the general concepts and principles of organic chemistry.

Course Prerequisites/Corequisites

Prerequisites: CHM 112 with a grade of C or higher

Course Objectives

• Structure and Bonding, Polar Bonds and Their Consequences, Organic Compounds: Alkanes and Cycloalkanes, Stereochemistry of Alkanes and Cycloalkanes
• Predict and explain patterns in structure, geometry, bonding, hybridization, formal charge, stability, acidity, basicity, and polarity of organic molecules.
• Describe the trends in solubility, melting points, boiling points and other physical properties of organic molecules based on intermolecular forces and presence of specific functional groups.
• Classify organic molecules by their functional groups and provide correct IUPAC names for alkanes, alkenes, alkynes, alkyl halides, and other optional functional groups, including cyclic molecules and stereochemistry. Draw Lewis condensed and line structures.
• Classify molecules as structural isomers, resonance structures, conformers, chiral or achiral, identify chiral carbons as (R) or (S), and, describe stereoisomers and optical activity.
• Alkenes and Alkynes: Structure, Reactivity, Reactions, and Synthesis, Alkyl Halides, Reactions of Alkyl Halides: Nucleophilic Substitutions and liminations, Structure Determination: Infrared Spectroscopy and Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy
• Explain and draw detailed mechanism, and predict the products of alkane free radical halogenation.
• Explain and draw detailed mechanism, and predict the products of the alkyl halide SN2, SN1, E2, E1 reactions. Describe the reagents and solvent properties that promote each mechanism.
• Explain electrophilic addition of alkenes and alkynes, which may include xymercuration, halogenation, hydration, reduction, hydroboration, epoxidation and other addition reactions. Predict the structure of the intermediates and products, including stereoisomers(cis, trans, E, and Z).
• Use retrosynthetic analysis to design efficient syntheses involving alkanes, alkenes, alkyl halides, and/or alcohols as starting materials, intermediates or final products.
• Predict the structure of organic molecules by calculating degrees of unsaturation and/or interpretation of infrared spectra, mass spectrometry, and NMR for appropriate families.
• Predict the products of the reduction of alkenes and oxidation of alcohols.

Major Topics to be Included

• Structure and Bonding
• Polar Bonds and Their Consequences
• Organic Compounds: Alkanes and Cycloalkanes
• Stereochemistry of Alkanes and Cycloalkanes
• Alkenes and Alkynes: Structure, Reactivity, Reactions, and Synthesis
• Alkyl Halides
• Reactions of Alkyl Halides: Nucleophilic Substitutions and Eliminations
• Structure Determination: Infrared Spectroscopy and Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy

Effective: 2020-05-01

Course Description

The course outline below was developed as part of a statewide standardization process.

General Course Purpose

The general purpose of this course is to prepare the student for advanced study in organic chemistry through development of: skills in synthetic organic problem solving and in critical thinking, an understanding of the methods of organic chemistry, understanding of the general concepts and principles of organic chemistry.

Course Prerequisites/Corequisites

Prerequisite(s): CHM 241 with grade of C or higher and corequisite of CHM 246.

Course Objectives

• Benzene, Alcohols and Phenols, Aldehydes and Ketones
• Describe and apply the rules of IUPAC nomenclature for alcohols, aldehydes, ketones, carboxylic acids, derivatives of carboxylic acids, arenes, and amines, including stereochemical assignments.
• Explain trends in physical properties for organic functional groups, such as intermolecular forces, acidity, solubility in water and organic solvents, melting points and boiling points
• Interpret spectrum from instrumentation such as IR, NMR, UV-Vis and MS to determine the structure of appropriate families.
• Carbonyl Condensation Reactions, Carbonyl Alpha Substitution Reactions
• Explain molecular stability and with concepts of resonance, conjugation, and by showing stepwise reaction mechanisms with Lewis structures and curved arrows that demonstrate electron flow.
• Draw the reaction mechanisms of carbonyl group compounds, including condensation reactions, keto-enol tautomerism, and nucleophilic addition reactions with carbon, nitrogen, oxygen or hydrogen nucleophiles.
• Carboxylic Acid Derivatives and Nucleophilic Acyl Substitution Reactions, Ketones and Aldehydes
• Illustrate the use of carbon nucleophile reagents, such as organometallic Grignard reagent, phosphonium ylide Wittig reagent and carbon electrophile reagents like carbenes and organometallic-complexed carbenoids.
• Predict product structures and demonstrate mechanisms of oxidation and reduction reactions of alcohols, aldehydes, ketones, and carboxylic acids using reagents such as chromic acid, organic hydrides, catalytic reduction, and reactions such as Clemmensen and Wolf-Kishner reduction.
• Describe the synthetic pathways to prepare carboxylic acids and their derivatives and the stepwise mechanisms of typical reactions for these compounds.
• Describe alpha carbon chemistry of enolate formation and reactivity, including the formations of beta-hydroxy carbonyl compounds and beta-unsaturated compounds.
• Conjugated Dienes, Benzene and Aromaticity, Chemistry of Benzene: Electrophilic Aromatic Substitution, Amines
• Describe mechanisms for stabilization of conjugated compounds such as pericyclic reactions and Diels-Alder reaction and for products associated with the electrophilic addition of conjugated dienes, such as Michael addition.
• Predict the stability of aromatic compounds by using molecular orbital theory and the Huckel 4n+2 rule; explain reaction mechanisms for aromatic compounds including aromatic substitution reactions directed by activating and deactivating effects of substituents.
• Describe the chemistry of amines, including synthesis and common reactions.

Major Topics to be Included

• Benzene
• Alcohols and Phenols
• Aldehydes and Ketones
• Carbonyl Condensation Reactions
• Carbonyl Alpha Substitution Reactions
• Carboxylic Acid Derivatives and Nucleophilic Acyl Substitution Reactions
• Ketones and Aldehydes
• Conjugated Dienes
• Benzene and Aromaticity
• Chemistry of Benzene: Electrophilic Aromatic Substitution Amines

Effective: 2020-05-01

Course Description

The course outline below was developed as part of a statewide standardization process.

General Course Purpose

Explores the physical properties and reactivity of organic compounds including common methods of separation, purification, and instrumental analysis.

Course Prerequisites/Corequisites

Prerequisite: CHM 112 with a grade of C or better; Corequisite: CHM 241.

Course Objectives

• Safety in the Organic Laboratory
• Use proper procedures and regulations for safe handling and use of chemicals in the organic chemistry laboratory
• Lab notebook
• Maintain a lab notebook and demonstrate proper recording, organization, and interpretation of scientific data.
• Laboratory techniques
• Perform physical property analyses, such as melting point and boiling point determinations, density, recrystallization, etc
• Perform various separation techniques, such as extraction, distillation, chromatography (TLC, column chromatography, GC), sublimation, etc.
• Use and/or interpret spectra from laboratory instruments, such as a gas chromatograph, refractometer, IR, and UV-Vis spectrometer, mass spectrometer, polarimeter.
• Synthesis/Characterization
• Prepare and analyze organic compounds, with potential syntheses that could include SN1, SN2, E2, E1 reactions, green chemistry, alcohol dehydration, electrophilic addition reactions , and/or bromination.
• Theorectical understanding
• Explain the theoretical basis of all techniques and state reasons for use of specific reagents.

Major Topics to be Included

• Safety in the Organic Laboratory
• Lab notebook
• Laboratory techniques
• Synthesis/Characterization
• Theoretical understanding
• Extraction

Effective: 2020-05-01

Course Description

The course outline below was developed as part of a statewide standardization process.

General Course Purpose

Explores the physical properties and reactivity of organic compounds including common methods of separation, purification, and instrumental analysis. (Continued from CHM 245)

Course Prerequisites/Corequisites

Prerequisite: CHM 245; Corequisite: CHM 242.

Course Objectives

• Continued: Safety in the Organic Laboratory
• Use proper procedures and regulations for safe handling and use of chemicals in the organic chemistry laboratory
• Continued: Lab notebook
• Maintain a lab notebook and demonstrate proper recording, organization, and interpretation of scientific data
• Application of Laboratory techniques from CHM 245
• Formulate and perform the laboratory synthesis, purification, and characterization of the organic compounds studied; applying techniques covered in CHM 245.
• 1H and 13C NMR Spectroscopy
• Interpret spectra and identify compounds
• Synthesis and analysis
• Preparation and analysis of a variety of organic compounds.
• Perform theoretical yield, percent yield, and percent recovery calculations
• Potential reactions to be studied include: Grignard reaction, EAS reaction, Fischer esterification, aldol condensation, polymers
• Additional lab experiments that could be included: Synthesis of biodiesel,
• Diels-Alder, oxidation/reduction reactions, free radical halogenation, synthesis of aspirin, hydroboration-oxidation of alkenes
• Mechanism
• Propose mechanisms for all reactions.
• Theoretical understanding
• Explain the theoretical basis of all techniques and state reasons for use of specific reagents.

Major Topics to be Included

• Continued: Safety in the Organic Laboratory
• Continued: Lab notebook
• Application of Laboratory techniques from CHM 245
• 1N and 13C NMR Spectroscopy
• Mechanism
• Theoretical understanding